A comparison of Fluvial and Glacial Sediments (deposits) In the Glen Rosa area of Arran

The aim of my investigation is to ‘compare the Fluvial and Glacial sediments in the Glen Rosa area'. I will use a variety of experiments and methods to collect my results. My investigation will be based on proving these hypotheses are correct. I hope to show that: * Fluvial sediment will be generally smaller than glacial sediment. * Fluvial sediment will be more rounded than glacial sediment. To provide evidence of these hypotheses I will look at river sediment on the fluvial slip off slope and compare it with that of a glacial deposit in the form of a terminal moraine. Slip off slope; The slip off slope Terminal moraine; I will also be considering; The difference in B Axis length, Roundness, Sediment composition and Sorting. I expect the glacial deposits to be more angular than that of the fluvial deposits because the rate of erosion is different. In fluvial erosion the rocks are in constant erosion from frequently colliding (attrition) with other rock material. I would expect more edges of the rock to be rounded because the chances are they would have been knocked off. The glaciated deposits however, I would expect to be more angular because they collide less. I am going to collect a range of results which will hopefully provide evidence that my theories are correct. To collect these results I will: * Use appropriate methods to measure and accurately record my results to prove my hypothesis correct. I will measure the length of a slip off slope (and moraine vertically if possible). The length divided by twenty, will be the length of the intervals for my measurements. At each interval I will proceed to measure these factors. I. Roundness II. Orientation III. Length of the B axis. (stone width) By doing this I will collect sufficient evidence to support or disprove my hypothesis from the results. I am going to use twenty readings to give me an accurate sample of the whole geographical feature. Points to note: Glen Rosa is a NTS area – conservation issues do not allow us to move scenery – including rocks. This could be a limiting factor as we may not be able to locate all the results we need. And to what extent do we measure sediment? After all a grain of dirt is a form of sediment, but is it practical to measure a grain of dirt? My project also involves considering how glacial and fluvial deposits vary in: * Sorting (division into coarse, medium and fine sizes). * And the orientation of the B axis. * And composition ( rock type ) The orientation is the alignment of the B axis. River deposits are measured on a slip off slope and glacial deposits in a terminal moraine, with the following expectations: * Water borne sediment will be sorted into size categories, the largest material being dumped upstream first, (upstream where the water flow is strongest) and the finest last (downstream where the flow is weakest). Glacial deposits however will be dumped irregularly because they ‘melt out' of the ice. * River sediment will have been rounded by river transport and attrition whereas glacial sediment, having only travelled a sort distance, will be angular. And slip off slope deposits will lie with their B axis at right angles to the flow of the river whereas glacial deposits are thought to lie in the ice with their A axis parallel to the direction of flow. Risk assessment. The axis of a rock are as follows: The A axis (Length of rock) The B axis (Width of rock) The C axis (Depth of the rock) Apparatus needed for my investigation: * Callipers * Compass clinometer * A water-proof notebook/pad * A pencil * Hand lens * Sorting chart * Powers Roundness index * Measuring tape – 20m length * Camera (to record locations and to provide secondary evidence) * Map to find location and note grid references Note Because I was working in a group and am collecting data for the group it is imperative that each of us has their own role and each must keep to that role. This is because the sake of a fair test. For example, If I read the callipers at the start I must read them throughout because the others eyesight and judgment may not be the same as mine, so if each person continues to do one job their judgment will not be too diverse. I am going to collect my evidence to prove my theory by doing thus: I. Firstly I am going to assess the possible location of a moraine and a slip off slope. II. Secondly I am going to travel to the Glen Rosa valley area. III. Then I will proceed to go to the site and take photographs. IV. I will measure the article in question by using a transect of the slip off slope/ terminal moraine. V. Then I will collect the evidence I need by accurately measuring and recording my results. I shall be looking at the ; a. Roundness b. Orientation c. Length of the B axis. I will measure the transect by measuring a point across the hole moraine / slip off slope and divide it by 20.The results from that then apply to the collecting of the samples, at each interval one should proceed to measure the nearest sample. I will measure Roundness by- comparing sediment sample to the guide shown below, this may be difficult to decide which category the rock goes into however for the sake of speed it was my primary choice. I will measure orientation by – locating the b axis and using the compass clinometer I will measure the orientation. I will measure the length of the B axis by – using callipers and reading off the rule. I will collect 10 (20 if possible) readings from each site to give me a suitable range of results. The locations I have chosen are highlighted on the map and the grid references are below: The terminal moraine – 987 382 The slip off slope – 987 383 I will record my results on the attached sheet. I will present my evidence as a range of graphs with attached section on collecting recording and presenting evidence. Stage 2 collecting, recording and presenting evidence. On the Day when we travelled to these two grid references the terminal moraine on 987 382 and the slip off slope on 987 383, I worked with 2 other people to obtain evidence/results for my investigation, they were Matthew Cruse and Lawrence Card. This was the original plan for the results table we were going to use. However during collecting the evidence our group decided we could double the amount of our results in ample time. So this is the real results table we developed. We were helped by 1 person in identifying some of the rocks, she was called Lucy and she was an instructor for this course. On the actual day we collected 20 samples from each site both the terminal moraine and the slip off slope. Our results table is as below; Graph sheet 1 Some graphs may help to show the evidence. Firstly the length of the b axis against the length of the slip off slope. (Sample every 1 meter). Anomalous point Graph sheet 2 These are the results for the composition of both fluvial and glacial deposits. Here O represents other specimen of rock P is Phyllite and G is granite Fluvial deposits Glacial deposits As it is clear here the fluvial deposits have more variation that that of the glacial deposits, the glacial deposits contain no other rock types. Graph sheet 3 Charts to compare roundness of fluvial deposits against the roundness of glacial deposits. It is clear here that glacial deposits are more randomised and do not follow any particular roundness, where as the fluvial deposits are mostly in-between the 2-3 category Graph sheet 4. Here are 2 charts to compare the orientation of the B axis. Fluvial orientation Glacial orientation Both graphs show completely opposite finding which was totally as I had expected, mainly the glacial deposits were all at right angles to the flow of direct which is what happens. The fluvial was parallel to the flow of water. The glacial sediments B axis was not parallel to the flow of the glacier because it travels on it's A axis which is as I predicted. Stage 3 description, analysis and interpretation of evidence. All of my data I collected I believe I collected accurately. But unfortunately my results do not support my predictions very accurately which were; * Fluvial sediment will be generally smaller than glacial sediment. * Fluvial sediment will be more rounded than glacial sediment. The graphs which show sorting on the B axis for the fluvial sediment are vast variations than those predicted although they do provide weak evidence (graph sheet 1). For example, on the photograph below it is clear that there is sorting on the slip off slope. This sorting is the absolute opposite to what I had expected in my prediction. This variation may exist because it is a frequently visited spot and people very often pick up rocks to study them and cast them down in a different locations, this may have happened here. Or another reason could be my inaccurate measurements, or even the choice of my samples. Section 4 drawing and justifying conclusion and evaluation. Here were my main predictions * Fluvial sediment will be generally smaller than glacial sediment. * Fluvial sediment will be more rounded than glacial sediment. Here are the sub predictions * Sorting (division into coarse, medium and fine sizes). * And the orientation of the B axis. * And composition ( rock type ) As far as the sorting for the slip off slope is concerned, I found that my results are conclusive but very weakly so. The results did support my prediction roughly but not the extent I had hoped for. You can see evidence for this though section 3. Because I found that the slip off slope is not how I expected I have used additional secondary evidence to show what my results should have been like according to my prediction and the laws of fluvial deposition. There is only one reason I can see for my weak results for the slip off slope – human interference, it is easy to pick up something and place it down somewhere else, could that of happened here? Since it is a widely used site I believe this is the case. I believe that the evidence for the sorting I obtained from the fluvial sample appeared to be back to front the larger sediment should have been deposited at the front not the back. The composition is definitely as I had expected. So as far as the composition is concerned I found a definite conclusion that my sub-predictions were true, the fluvial deposits covered a wider range of rock type because it could transport more diverse material than the glacier. Although there is little evidence to support this there is a definite link. The orientation was not as I had of expected. I believed the glacier to be more randomised where as the fluvial to be more sorted. Evaluation We had a few problems during this investigation many of them minor, but a few were major. For example, since we did not have any artificial light and light throughout the day was fading we may have made a few mistakes on measurements, this may be a reason for some if not all of the anomalous points. One person in my group noted all of the data down on the day so we could have misjudged his handwriting and could have written variable data. Below is a simple diagram of some of our problems: The Main weaknesses and faults. The main weaknesses during my investigation were the lack of conclusive results as shown in the graphs. However this could be rectified by using secondary data, such as maps, other people's results as shown during my project shown after this page. As always any investigation can be improved by the quantity of evidence, and also the quantity. If I could obtain more evidence from different locations, i.e. not just from Glen Rosa it would provide a much better supporting structure for my predictions. Although this would involve thousands of pounds it would have a very accurate conclusion.

Ideal Behavior Between Daoism And Judaism Essay

Judaism and Daoism are two different religious each with its behaviors differentiating it from other. Both religions have complex philosophies and ways of conducting their worships. Daoism is based on Confucianism and it was founded in China in Han dynasty. It deals with learning of the past. Judaism is a religion that believes in one God who is omnipresent, almighty, omniscient, infinite and eternal. They have Old Testament and they believe in existence of heaven which is the eternal dwelling of the righteous and hell as the eternal dwelling of the wicked. Daoism and Judaism are two religions each with its beliefs and behaviors making them somehow similar and different. Judaism is different from Daoism because Daoism is a religion that started as a combination of simple philosophy and psychology but grew into a religious faith Daoism and Judaism are somehow similar for they originated from one and the same source who is God Almighty. They are closely interrelated and they have many common rituals, beliefs, worship, laws, rules, wisdom and morals. They are similar because God’s law is universal and the two religions are universal too. Daoism and Judaism have different ethical code. Daoism refers Laozi as their founders while Judaism believes that Hebrews were founders of the religion. The primary scripture of Daoism is Laozi’s Book of Dao and its virtue while for the Judaism it is the Holy Bible. Daoism has its Daoist philosophy with its main ideological source and took some concepts from Mohist, Yin-Yang and Confucianist. They follow Huang-Lao traditions. Daoism holds longevity and immortality as its highest object of faith. It advocates for Longevity and Immortality through Nourishing of life. They have practice of virtuous conducted to escape death and reach eternity. Judaism has temple sacrifices along with temple priesthood to function. Taoism has numerous deities under Tao while Judaism they believe in Reincarnation, Heaven or Garden of Eden or Hell. Judaism practice circumcision, they worship on Sabbath in the Synagogues and on the Holy Days like Bar Mitzvahs, marriages and funerals and during festivals like Passover. Their God is called Rabbi. During special feasts like marriages and funerals and during ancestral worships Taoism worships in the Temple. In Judaism, they believe that their leaders were Moses and Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and David with Rebbes being spiritual leaders of some Chassidic sects. Taoism believes that their leaders were Lao Tzu Some Taoist sects which have Pontiffs. Judaism believes that Israel is their God-given homeland thus having a strong belief in justice. For the Taoism, when society is compassionate, their government also tries to be generous. Judaism has a sacred writing known as Torah while that of Taoism is known as Tao Te Chig or The I Chig. Judaism believe that, the State of Israel is the Jewish homeland while Taoism belief that Chinese loves nature. Judaism is a religion based on Law while Taoism is a religion focused more on nature instead of society. Taoism has great concern on ethical thinking, speaking and doing. This is because when an individual behaves in an ethical manner the entire community benefits. Those who believe in Daoism have focused themselves on nature. Taoism has no commandment and they have no particular action or even thought. In conclusion, Daoism and Judaism are two different religions with some similarities. Judaism is based on religious way of life but Daoism focuses more on nature. Daoism was founded in China in Han dynasty and it is based on Confucianism dealing with learning of the past. Judaism is a religion that believes in one God who is omnipresent, almighty, omniscient, infinite and eternal.

Effects of domestic violence domestic abuse on women and children Essay

42% of women and 20% of men sustained minor injuries such as scratches, bruises, broken bones or pregnancy complications (Cathy Meyer, 2016). The result of domestic abuse does have long-term physical effects including digestive problems, hypertension or skin disorders (www.liveabout.com 15/11/17). Family members, especially children, can experience the physical effects of abuse even though they have not been harmed or touched. They can complain about stomach aches, headaches and could experience irregular bowel movements and wet the bed. Many women who have been abused find it difficult to concentrate on their daily activates because of the effects of domestic abuse as they are constantly on edge. If a person is experiencing domestic abuse this can be physical as well as emotional and if the abuse is constant then regular hospital visits and rest days will be needed for a recovery if the person has a job day off will be needed and too many could lead to the person eventually being let off. When children experience domestic violence sometimes they feel confused or it’s their fault. If the violence or arguments takes place at night, it can be very distracting for the child to be able to sleep as they are constantly hearing the abuse given. This could affect their education as they will be tired and have poor concentration, affecting progress. Domestic abuse will have an effect on the victim’s emotional health as it makes them feel a range of emotions, such as anxiety, low self-esteem, suicidal thoughts or could cause a post-traumatic distress which includes unwanted flashbacks , nightmares or uncontrollable thoughts (www.joyfulheartcondition.org). Children who are exposed to domestic violence in their home could develop anxiety, fearing they might be left with the abusive parent who will then take their abuse out on them. Depression is also an emotion that most people will experience as they feel helpless and powerless. This is known to be more common in girls as boys tend to act out with aggression. Alisha Dixon, in the BBC Documentary â€Å"Don’t Hit My mum†, many children feel guilt that they could not prevent the abuse. Children may not want to leave the house in case their parent is unsafe. I found evidence to back this is on saying children will become clingy and not want to leave mum or dad and they feel they have a responsibility for to protect them. When in a domestic violent relationship, it is knowing that the partner will try to control the other person’s life by constantly knowing what they are doing and persuading or telling the victim they cannot go places when they really want to go. This will affect their relationship with family or friends causing the victim to never see them eventually leading them into isolation. Other social behavior includes aggressive behavior and poor social skills, meaning they could not make any friends as their social skills are poor. Bereavement A person dying close to you is hard both on adults and children. They can experience the same feelings as they are going through the same things however someone who is of an older age may be able to deal with the effects in a more mature manner, they will find that their energy levels will be very low as they will have a feeling f numbness inside them. If their energy is low, they will not go out and do daily activities which could lead them to stress and anxiety. Dealing with death and not everyone likes to be around people especially not in a work or school environment. This means that they will be missing out on important days in work or school causing them to fall behind building up more stress and anxiety that version does not need. When people describe losing a loved one they usually describe their self as being numb. Which is a normal defense mechanism of the mind to help you from being overwhelmed with emotions? Other people may experience guilt or anxiety

The Employment Code of Conduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Employment Code of Conduct - Essay Example Disciplinary procedures are an important part for any organization, it is the disciplinary procedures that determine the complete directive of the firm that the employees are supposed to follow, it may also include the code of conduct. (Gennard, J. & Judge, G., 2005) All the ill effects of not following the terms mentioned in the disciplinary procedures are also mentioned in the same document, like suppose the penalty or punishment for misconduct such as abusing fellow workers is suspension from the company without pay, (Hall, R. & Stewart, J., 2001) so here the term in disciplinary procedure will be as follows: All the employees working for Bodgitt and Blastit limited should not use abusive language against any other employee, manager, stockholder or a general part of the company, or even in the office premises; failing to do so could lead to a suspension of the key employee. (Russell, Kate, 2004) In the above procedure and term, the problem was very clearly stated and so was its penalty. Therefore preventing the company from being a victim by means of a penalty from the employment tribunal. If any such information is not mentioned in the disciplinary procedures or even worse, if the company does not have a disciplinary procedure until now, this could be much worse, the employment tribunal may also force the company to not only let the â€Å"suffered† employee get back to his post in the company, but also the responsible (or rather, irresponsible) employee could also get some compensation out of the whole deal.

Madisons views in the structure of the proposed constitution Research Paper

Madisons views in the structure of the proposed constitution - Research Paper Example Madison asserted that the republican remedy personified in the Constitution permitted the different sections adequate room to articulate their outlooks and to attempt to pressure the government. Rather than the majority suppressing minorities, the diverse concerns would confer their differences. This leads to a situation whereby the majority would rule but with appropriate care and consideration given to minorities. Consequently, the same number of sections would prevent any one from exerting dictatorial power over the rest (Federalist no. 10). He also argued that there must be a connection between the interests of the man and the constitutional rights of the place. He feels that when such tools are crucial to contain the exploitations of government, it becomes an expression on human nature. For instance, he argues that there would be no need of a government if men were angels. Moreover, neither peripheral nor interior pressures on government would be obligatory if angels were to rul e men. A great complexity lies in structuring a government, to be governed by men over men. In this regard, one must first facilitate the government to have power over the governed and in the next place compel it to govern itself. The major control on the government is a dependence on the citizens. However, experience has taught people the requisite of supplementary safety measures.He further indicates that if a section consists of less than a majority, the republican principle relieves it by enabling the majority to overcome its menacing views by standard vote. It might convulse the humanity and obstruct the administration. However, under the provisions of the Constitution, it will be incapable of carrying out and masking its brutality. When a majority comprises a faction, the structure of popular government, alternatively allows it to surrender to its ruling zeal or concern both the rights of other citizens and the public good. The greatest objective of the constitution is to prot ect the public good and personal rights from the threat of such a faction as well as to safeguard the spirit and the structure of popular government (Federalist no. 10). Moreover, diverse interests unavoidably subsist in different categories of citizens. The privileges of the marginalized would be in danger if a majority were in unity due to a common interest. This can be counteracted by realizing several divided depictions of citizens in the society. In effect, this will leave an unfair combination of a majority very dubious and impossible. The federal republic of the United States will illustrate this method in the proposed constitution. All power in it will originate from and rely on the society and the society itself will have numerous interests, divisions, and categories of citizens. Consequently, the rights of marginalized, or of the minority, will be less vulnerable from interested groupings of the majority. Madison further argues that, the safety for civil rights must be equ ivalent to that for religious rights in a liberated government. In the one case, it comprises the array of interests and the diversity of factions in the other (Federalist no. 51). Madison further argues that to facilitate guarding against the factions of a few, delegates must increase to a certain number however small the republic might be. In addition, to guard against the perplexity of a crowd, the delegates must be limited to a certain number however large it might be. The number of delegates in the two scenarios is comparatively greater in the small republic hence is not corresponding to that of the two components. In that case, the larger republic will offer a larger preference, and therefore a greater likelihood of a fit choice. Consequently, more citizens in the large than in the small republic will select each delegate. For that reason, it will be very hard for undeserving candidates to practice successfully the nasty arts, which often

Marketing Prodcts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing Prodcts - Research Paper Example This paper seeks to discuss the farm product and the service component produced by Holden Trucking Services. Type of product Holden trucking services produces Barley. Barley is a healthy cereal grain high in fiber, protein, maltose and sugar that alternatively can be used for malt syrup sweetener. Fermented, barley makes the perfect ingredient for beer and various alcoholic beverages. It also has a nutlike flavor, chewy texture and is similar to wheat berries though its color it slightly lighter. Barley has varied functions; it can be used for nutritional purposes, as an ingredient in making beer and as feeds for farm animals. Barley has a robust nutritional benefit to consumers. According to research, barley’s soluble fiber lowers the risk of getting coronary heart diseases and reduces cholesterol levels; also it contains insoluble fiber responsible for minimizing the risk of diabetes type 2 and colon cancer. It grows to about 30 inches high in dry subtropical regions experie ncing cool growing and short seasons. The crop is resistant to diseases compared to other cereals; however, sometimes it is attacked by diseases like rust and virus diseases. Service components There are various reasons why addition of services enhances growth opportunities and high profit margins. Innovations and improvements in service normally results in more loyalty, and increased customer satisfaction eventually impacting in higher profits, cost of sales lowered and attracting potential customers. Documentation as a service is a language that goes with or accompanies a product. It often shows its design, development and marketing strategy in clear terms. Documentation will indicate how to improve products and reveal loop holes in sales funnel, which would have eluded the seller. It is also able to put the seller into contact with prospective customers and investors (Blythe, 2006). Another service is transportation/logistics. This is the process of getting products to its intend ed destination. There are many phases involved; there is transporting the product from the firm to the storage facilities the other getting the product to the customer. Luckily, Holden trucking services happens to be in the said service meaning that transportation costs will be lower compared to if the service was outsourced This will ensure that the produce will reach the intended customer on time (Grewal & Levy, 2010). Storage is another service equally important. It allows the seller to store product when it is not needed and helps to avail the items when demand is bigger than the immediate creation bearing in mind that it is a seasonal product. Barley is stored in refrigerated warehouses since it can easily go bad if left in normal warehouses. Packaging, blending and branding plays a crucial role in marketing a product. It not only attracts the customer to try out ones product but also protects the product from damage. Also, packaging assists in portraying information and direct ions about the product. Packaging again is used also to differentiate one brand from another (Blythe, 2006). Expansion to a product line This involves changing product into different forms to meet varied business opportunities and attract more customers. Barley can be used to produce different products thereby creating a product line. Barley has various uses some of them being nutritional as animal feeds and as an ingredient in making beer and alcoholic drinks. As a

Analyze a recent (last 12 months) business article Research Paper - 1

Analyze a recent (last 12 months) business article - Research Paper Example As pertains to this assignment, focus shall be on an article published by The Wall Street Journal. The article highlights how companies are cushioning themselves against paralyzing incidences such as natural disasters to ensure continuity of business while keeping the bottom line ‘protected’. The writer has included viewpoints from CEOs/CFOs of a few global companies and their take on the importance of reinforcing the supply chain. The article stems from the fact that multinational companies have had to incur enormous expenses because of natural disasters. This has been after a long history of establishing cost-moderated links. The awareness on a need to strengthen the supply chain arises from the earthquake that hit Japan in 2011. This is because the earthquake led to a shortage of electronic and car parts; forcing companies to think up other sources. This led to exposing the vulnerability of the supply chain but the next action is still a matter of great deliberation as establishing dual sources is seen to affect the bottom line of companies largely (Murphy). Moreover, because the supply chain of most multinational companies is disciplined, some CEOs find it hard to establish new links. This implies that the next logical thing would be to push the suppliers to ensure their own supply chains are sustainable in the event of natural disasters and other paralyzing risks. For example, Jabali Circuit a manufacturer of electronic parts, advised its suppliers in Japan to consider de-clustering their factories that is, not having them close to the factories. This guarantees that companies can still rely on their regular supply links when a natural disaster occurs (Murphy). However, de-clustering would force the suppliers to incur huge costs in terms of setting up and streamlining new networks of operation. Nevertheless, this increment in expenditure is minimal considering

Global Warming on Forests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global Warming on Forests - Essay Example This paper talks that the collective rainforests of the world act as a climatic sponge storing much of the world’s rainwater, of which the Amazon rainforest accounts for more than half. Trees in the rainforest recycle water drawn from the forest ground. This, combined with the moisture that evaporates from the leaves is released into the atmosphere from whence it came. This paper approves that deforestation is the leading reason that soils in the forested areas lose their sustainability. Farming techniques and overgrazing increase soil degradation and erosion. The solution begins with severing the root cause. The voracious consumerism of industrialized nations is depleting the forests but if the people of these nations could come to understand the implications of deforestation and learn the specific companies within their country contributing to it. For example, Kentucky Fried Chicken and McDonalds have recently been reported on the national news as major purchasers of soybeans grown in former rainforest lands. This paper gives a solution automobile emissions may lie in alternative fuels. Promising future alternatives to crude oil, vegetable oil can be substituted for diesel fuel while ethanol is an effective petrol additive. Given the fact that fossil fuels are finite and its emissions are threatening every living thing on earth, why have most nations been slow in efforts to reduce the use of oil in favor of more viable energy sources? The economic consequence of doing nothing is far greater than solving the problem through legislation.

The current internationalisation policy with respect to global Essay

The current internationalisation policy with respect to global strategy theories - Essay Example This essay discusses that Marks and Spencer started its operation back in the 19th century with a stall on Kirkgate market in Leeds. The company targeted clients with above average income and provided high quality garments. The company also sells luxury food items. It was the first retailer in Britain to achieve 1 Billion pound pre tax income. The company operates in different countries today but its market share is not as it was before. The company’s internationalisation process failed drastically which made the company lose its clients. The international operations of Marks and Spencer were contributing a mere 1.25% to the pre tax income of the whole firm by 2000. This shows how Marks and Spencer failed drastically in going global. Marks and Spencer started its formal internationalisation through acquisition in Canada in1973. Therefore Marks and Spencer was not new to internationalisation in 2000 but still the company did this bad. International sales consisted of 25% of com pany’s retail floor but still its contribution to company profits was negligible. This is clear evidence of the failure of internalisation of the company. The company used different modes of entry ranging from acquisition to franchising. Mostly Marks and Spencer attempted to establish its own stores abroad through acquisition but franchising was also used in countries with less population. The policy of controlling everything on its own is deeply engrained in the culture of the company as managers usually like to do something by themselves. This is why acquisition were mainly preferred for both food products and clothing line while franchising was used when market was too small to start operations directly. The main problem of the company was its strict bureaucratic culture. This culture hindered the flow of innovative ideas within the company as senior management was not interested in newer ideas (Case Study Marks and Spencer, 2011). This is what led to the downfall of the c ompany both in the international arena and in UK. The company wanted to grow but its growth strategy was based on traditional mindset of acquisition. They thought they could continue to grow like before if they persisted using their same old business strategy but while doing so they ignored competition and changing business environment. Research suggests that bureaucratic culture lowers innovation and performance of firms (Homburg & Pflesser, 2000). This is one of the reasons why internationalisation went bad for Marks and Spencer. There was also lack of vision when it came to internationalisation within the company. They focused too much on daily activities without taking into account the long term direction the company should take (Case Study Marks and Spencer, 2011). This also had an adverse effect on the global performance of the company because it

Hazard and vulnerability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hazard and vulnerability - Essay Example The assumption that 'natural' disasters are inherently and predominantly natural phenomena has tended to exclude the social sciences from consideration in much of the spending that is done in disaster preparedness. This is despite the fact that over the last twenty years a considerable literature on disasters has emerged from human geography, sociology, anthropology and (to a lesser extent) economics. For many years, social science has contributed to policy formation for disasters (especially in the Third World) through the activities of many Non-Government Organisations (NGOs). The initial development of vulnerability analysis is then rooted in social science, and in a sense has constituted a political economy of disasters to the analysis of devastating events that are normally associated with natural hazards. At its most simplistic, vulnerability analysis asserts that for there to be a disaster there has to be not only a natural hazard, but also a vulnerable population. Much of the conventional work on disasters has been dominated by 'hard science', and has been a product of the prominence that natural phenomena have acquired in the disaster causation process. But this 'physicalist' approach is also a result of the social construction of disasters as events that demonstrate the human condition as subordinate to Nature.

Essay1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Essay1 - Essay Example The system displays an updated version of available seats and removes the already selected ones (processing). The system generates a bill and ticket copy (output). TPS is based on batch processing or real-time processing. TPS are vital to businesses since it helps owners to meet demands without the need of extra personnel (Davoren). TPS offers four important characteristics to a business, they offer; reliability, response, controlled processing and inflexibility. Rapid Response; customers cannot afford to wait for TPS to respond, the wait time from the input by the customer to output production should be a few seconds. If a TPS fails to have a proper rapid response time, it will lead to huge losses in the business. Reliability; a TPS breakdown will disrupt or stop normal operations of a business. TPS systems must have low failure rates, and if failure occurs, accurate recovery must be a possibility. Reliability enables a company to design backup and recovery procedures. Inflexibility; a good TPS ensures that every transaction is handled in the same manner regardless of the user, time of day or customer. If a TPS is flexible, it means that there are too many opportunities even for non-standard operations. Controlled processing; a good TPS must support the operations within an organization; TPS should maintain and enforce roles and responsibilities. A good TPS should minimize the costs of an organization by bringing down the data handling times and also provides accurate and timely database updates. All these aspects of a TPS are imperative for steady business development and growth. Real-time transaction processing equates to immediate data processing. It requires access to an online database to give instant confirmations. A real-time transaction involves the use of a workstation or terminal to input data and display (output) TPS results. It is made up of a computer

Defined the Three Different Types of Breach of Contract Essay Example for Free

Defined the Three Different Types of Breach of Contract Essay In Contracts there are many terms used that sometimes may get confusing. Other times it is hard to tell which words mean what and how to use them properly in a sentence; the word condition being one of them. There are so many uses for the word and it may be used as a form to explain more in-depth in a contract, so that there is no confusion, or questions asked in what was meant by in a statement. Conditioned is defined in a contact as a future uncertained event that creates or destroys rights and obligations. A condition is a contact clause that modifies the basic agreements between the parties. Conditions can be complexed as â€Å"if you do this†¦, I’ll do that†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . There are different types of conditions, including implied, express, condition precedent and condition subsequent. It is legal and very common for contracts to have conditions. A condition can modify or rescind a contract. Conditions can also be based on certain action either of the parties themselves or some other outside action. A contract with no condition is â€Å"I promise to pay you $2,000 for your car†. A contract with a condition is â€Å"I promise to pay you $2,000 for your car, if a mechanic certifies it has no major mechanical problems. How can you tell if a contact has a condition you may ask, well its very simple, if the statements requires action to be taken for the contract to be enforced. An implied contract is one that is not stated in the contract and an expressed contract is one that is stated.

Technique Of Video Streaming Using Opnet Tools Computer Science Essay

Technique Of Video Streaming Using Opnet Tools Computer Science Essay With the popularization of mobile technique, many users obtain various multimedia services through heterogeneous internet. Among these services, video streaming application is most challenging. Because of time constraint and VARIABLE BITRATE (VBR) property of a video, the problem of streaming high quality video in insufficient external WAN bandwidth. To solve this problems we are reviewing different technique like OPTIMAL CACHE ALGORITHM, MOSES (mobile streaming for video surveillances) etc. To make the good quality video streaming, we have to work on some different parameters like latency, image quality, video fluidity and frame losses. The mobile technique is most popularized and brought a great revolution in this 21stcentury.There are some terms like mobile video surveillance,video streaming which helps to do the mobile technology more and more advanced. This paper is basically focus on how the video streaming done using OPNET tools. For this we refer to the broad class of emerging real-time video surveillance. In mobile video streaming all the issues related with video garbing, processing, interpretation and dispatching of multimedia data becomes more challenging due to the presence of mobile platforms either in the transmitting or receiving side, wirelessly interconnected. For video streaming Givaldi and Prati proposed a streaming system called MOSES (mobile streaming for video surveillance), that effectively implements the described general purpose architecture for mobile video surveillance. MOSES supports video streaming in different condition, aiming at low-latency transmission over limited bandwidth network. The video stream is provided with a sufficient quality to be correctly analyzed by both human-based and computer-based video surveillance layers. To this aim we propose a optimization of the streaming process with an adaptive control of the streaming parameters. In this paper we also discussed how OPNET can be applied in modern video streaming technique. Network simulation is a major part of this OPNET modeler. It is useful to create the network and for the video streaming process. Basic steps which are used for video streaming technique are following:- Video Compression Principles and practice of video coding Basics behind MPEG compression algorithms Current image video compression standards Video Communication Video Streaming I Video application contexts examples: DVD and Digital TV Challenges in video streaming over the Internet Techniques for overcoming these challenges Video Communication Video Streaming II Video over loss packet network and wireless links à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Error-resilient video communications Today There are lots of streamed video techniques are available till now. JPEG :- It is a joint photographic experts group, which is basically a single frame image compression. It mainly consists of minimum implementation, which are required to support some specific applications. MPEG:-It is a moving picture experts group. This process will work under the direction of ISO (International Standard Organization). In this basically, the ISO do coding of moving pictures. H.261:-This is one of the best processes found in the field of video compression. This process was completed with the help of algorithm known as motion compression algorithm. The H.261 video technique is use for the communication channel. RELATED WORKS:- In this paper we are reviewing different algorithms which are proposed by some reacher fellows on video streaming technique. They proposed different algorithms to resolve the problems of video streaming. In this paper, we are reviewing the following algorithms which are already proposed in the video streaming field. Cut-off Cache (CC) Algorithm :- This algorithm was proposed by Zhang et al. This algorithm use to handle the video staging process. In cut-off cache algorithm, the frames which are available inside the given video are sequentially compare with given cut-off rate. Cut After Smoothing Algorithm:- This is the next version of CC algorithm which was also proposed by Zhang et al. In this he had given the information about the utilization of WIDE AREA NETWORK bandwidth. This is also used to handle the video staging in more effective way. Optimal Cache (OC) algorithm:- The Optimal cache (OC) algorithm, is basically proposed to compute the video caching with linear complexity (O(n) , where n is the number of frames). The concept behind the OC algorithm is same as the CC algorithm but the main advantage is we can also use the concept of WAN bandwidth. Cache Selected After Smoothing Algorithm (CSAS). In this algorithm the researcher integrates two video processors and then combine it with cache selected process. After some years Chang,Ho and Oyang gave some other contribution on this field.They just tried to propose some other algorithms which is helpful for video streaming of high bandwidth. Priority Selected Cache(PSC) algorithm:- PSC algorithm is the modified version of the optimal cache algorithm. In this we have to select the frame data which are having maximum number of high priority. In this we have to replace the low priority frame with the high priority frames. Review Analysis:- In this paper we are basically dealing with the OPNET modeler. The original OPNET simulation model for MPEG-2 streaming was developed in the year 2000 by Srinivas Kandala and Sachin Despande. Theoretical Concepts:- Any video if we will take for an experiment it basically contain certain frames and that frames are having particular size. The following three variables which helps us for video streaming. Scene Length Distribution :-A particular movie or video which we have to compress is having certain scene in it. We have to divide those scenes with particular length. That process is called scene length distribution. Frame Size Distribution :- We know that one particular scene will contain certain frames . Now the frame type or size is essential aspect of model. Each and every frame has certain size. Stream Structure:- When we divide the particular video in certain scene and frame length than we can see that each scene containing certain pictures thats called GOP( group of pictures).This is called the stream structure. Node Model Design:- Now in this paper we are theoretically defining how we can create a node model using OPNET which helpful for us in video streaming technique. There are certain processes in OPNET by the help of that we can create a video streamed model. In OPNET we have to use constant bitrates stream (CBR). When we use CBR, the process model in OPNET is very simple, just use the standard. Simple source module and set the frame size and frame interarrival time to the desired value. When a stream is used scenes with high entropy get more bandwidth resulting in a higher visual quality. Because different streams tend to have high entropy. A scene at different moments in time, a bitrates is divided very efficiently, when several streams are transmitted over a packet switched network. Hence, by the help of this process we can easily make an OPNET model which helps in video streaming. CONCLUSION:- The theoretical concepts of video streaming using OPNET modeler are explained in this paper. An OPNET model was used to program low level process modules. The packet segmentation support allows the model to be used over several underlying protocols. The simulation results shows that it is based on the high level characterized in the time domain, the behavior of streamed video using OPNET models and streamed video using different algorithm is similar. For video streaming we basically have to follow some steps like video compression, video streaming 1, video streaming 2 etc. Current image and video compression standards:- STANDARD APPLICATION BITRATE JPEG Continuous-tone still-image compression Variable H-261 Video telephony and teleconferencing over ISDN P * 64 kb/s MPEG-1 Video on digital storage media (CD-ROM) 1.5 Mb/s MPEG-2 Digital Television 2-20 Mb/s H.263 Video telephony over PSTN 33.6-? Mb/s MPEG-4 Object-based coding, synthetic content, interactivity Variable JPEG-2000 Improved still image compression Variable H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Improved video compression 10s 100s Kb/s After reviewing all the above algorithm which are proposed till today we can conclude that , all the algorithm are used for different purpose in video streaming technique. Like some algorithms are used only for normal streaming but Cache Selected After Smoothing Algorithm (CSAS) and Priority Selected Cache (PSC) algorithm are basically used for the video streaming which are having very good quality with less bandwidth and low latency. The upcoming techniques for video streaming process are peer-to-peer, internet technique, wireless video streaming technique.

Personal Development Plan Business Essay

Personal Development Plan Business Essay Finance is a career which imposes high requirements on the overall qualities of a person. In this report, I am choosing finance as my career field. First, we will describe a career planning methodology in my personal career planning. There are several steps to the career planning process. These steps are: occupational exploration (know the career opportunity), self exploration (know who you are and what you want), decision making, and plan of action. Second, we will identify several job families in the field of finance and the difference between the different possible career paths. These include hedge fund manager, sales and trading, finance analyst, and etc. Then, we will make a decision, giving my career map and career plan as a finance analyst. Six consecutive jobs will be presented to allow me to progress towards my dream job. We will also reveal the KSAs and personal qualities required at each job. Finally, a personal development plan is given with recommendations for future gra duates on the different career they could have in a given field after they graduate. 1. Introduction Finance is an attracting and challenging area for youngsters. For a new comer into this field, just financial knowledge is not enough. Other qualities, such as team spirits, communication skills, and business intuition are equally important for a successful career. With regard to my career goals, I am determined devote myself into financial area. I have great interest in finance because of its importance in corporate development and economic development. Currently, China is relatively weak in its financial sector. I regard it as a huge challenge as well as a huge opportunity for myself entering this field. 2. Career Planning Theory The career planning process is composed of several steps. First it is the self exploration, which answers the question of who you are and what you want. Second it is the occupational exploration, which deals with the job opportunities. Then it is decision making, in which you make up your mind of your career. Finally, it is the plan of action, in which you will set up your goals and put it into action ( Barbara et al 2003; Brian et al 1988; Robert et al 2009;;Samuel et al 1993). 2.1 Self-Exploration Before any career planning, people should have a clear idea about themselves and their expectations of a career. They should ask the questions, such as where do I like to work, indoors or outdoors? Am I good at dealing with the public? Do I prefer to work as a team or do I like to work alone? The thing is that there are no right or wrong answers to these questions, just personal preference. By rethinking of these questinos, they are able to know more about themselves and match themselves to the right occupation. 2.2 Occupational Exploration Having knowledge of the possible job families is equally important. Details about the work carried out in various occupations can be learnt through a large number of methods that can be used to gather occupational information. Some of the methods are listed below, such as online research, personal observation, interview with employees working in the field, books, posters, and TV programs. Usually people use a combination of methods. In this way, they can also get knowledge of the potential income, working conditions, and employment prospects. 2.3. Decision Making After you get the information about yourself and the occupations, it is time to make a decision. From your personal preferences, you should have a good idea of the things that you want in your life. From the job exploration, the occupatinoal requirement, such as the education as well as the work experience you need, will be clear. You can then choose the occupations that will give you what you want. 2.4. Plan of Action From the above steps, the particular career is determined. Now it is time to set up a plan to help you achieve that goal. First, you should consider the needs and insufficiency of yourself, such as what kind of education and training is necessary; What type of interim jobs are required; Second, you should foresee the obstacles which hinder you to get to your career. And hence you will be able to come up with a plan to overcome these obstacles. All these can be used to form your plan of action. 3. Possible Career Path for Finance 3.1 Hedge fund manager A hedge fund manager will decide how to place the assets in different classes of securities. These include cash, bonds, stocks (domestic versus foreign) and etc. 3.2 Finance Analysts This involves the processing and servicing of a variety of operational, personnel, and financial transactions. Involves developing, interpreting and implementing financial concepts for financial planning, resource planning, and control of organizational budget. May analyze and prepare recommendations for financial plans, including annual resource allocations, future requirements, and operating forecasts. 3.3 Mergers and Acquisitions People doing mergers and acquisitions are similar to finance analysts. Only that their focus is on synergies, cost savings, and coinsurance effects that may result from combing firms in similar or dissimilar industries. 3.4 Sales and Trading Sales and trading encompasses a broad spectrum of jobs within an investment bank. Salespeople generate new business by obtaining clients for the firm. Traders concentrate on developing systems and strategies for executing orders to buy and sell securities. Knowledge of the operations of markets is essential to a good trader. 4. My Career Map During my study as a business graduate, I have taken courses in various business subjects such as macro and micro economics, accounting and math. In my free time, I read publications such as The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times and The Economist. I browse the financial websites everyday to get a update on the latest business markets. I am good at gathering information. I can understand the financial situation of a specific company from its balance sheet; I can read the economic situation of a country from its macropolicy. Moreover, I receive strict training in interpersonal relationships with others. I have skills in communication. Proposal writing and oral presentations is also my competence. Therefore, I consider myself to be fit for becoming a finance analyst. My career map is in Figure 1. Figure 1 Career Map 5. My Career Plan: Finance Analysts Job Title Assistant Finance Analyst Junior Finance Analyst Finance Analyst Level Entry Junior Experience General Description Entry-level professional; uses professional concepts to resolve problems of limited scope and complexity; works on assignments of limited variety and complexity, requiring limited judgment and decision making. Experienced-level professional who knows how to apply theory and put it into practice with full understanding of the professional field; Challenges Uses basic professional concepts. †¢ Applies campus policies and procedures to resolve routine issues. †¢ Works on problems of limited scope with moderate control and review. Follows standard practices and procedures in analyzing situations or data from which answers can be readily obtained. †¢ Cultivates internal and external contacts. †¢ Resolves a wide range of issues in imaginative as well as practical ways. Knowledge and Skills †¢ Basic knowledge of financial or accounting concepts, processes and procedures. †¢ Understanding of regulations and best practices concerning financial accounting and services. †¢ Familiar with department chart of accounts and related business processes. †¢ Effective written and verbal communication skills. †¢ Active listening, critical thinking, attention to detail, organizational skills, good interpersonal skills and the ability to multi-task. Basic knowledge in data collection and analysis techniques. †¢ Service orientation †¢ Leadership skills to provide coaching and mentoring to support staff. †¢ Knowledge of core software programs and systems. †¢ Thorough knowledge of finance policies, practices and systems including campus, state and federal rules and regulations. †¢ Knowledge of financial data management and reporting systems. †¢ Active listening, critical thinking, attention to detail, organizational skills, strong interpersonal skills, and ability to multi-task in a high-volume environment. †¢ Able to independently gather, organize, and perform financial analysis assignments. †¢ Advanced knowledge of software programs and systems. Responsibilities †¢ Analyzes financial and/or resource data; prepares and summarizes information. †¢ With supervision, reconciles, researches and resolves discrepancies in financial data. Monitors workflow and productivity in areas such as Accounts Payable, Accounts Receivable, Collections, Purchasing and/or Cashiering. †¢ Coordinates and monitors operations of assigned functional area(s). †¢ May act as central resource for support staff. †¢ Assists with monitoring productivity with the goal of meeting or exceeding standard expectations for timeliness and quality. Identify systematic problems and propose solutions. †¢ Assesses compliance with regulatory agencies and internal policies. †¢ Triages and addresses customer inquiries as appropriate †¢ Ensures the delivery of quality customer service to various constituencies. †¢ Applies professional concepts to resolve issues and to perform moderate to complex analysis. †¢ Gathers and analyzes, financial and resource plans. (Continue) Job Title Senior Finance Analyst portfolio manager CFO / Partner of Company Level Senior Expert Senior Expert General Description broad job knowledge; deals with problems of diverse scopes Recognized expert. Has significant impact and influence on company policy and program development. assigned high level analytical duties that involve in-depth knowledge and understanding of numerous variables and interrelationships. Regularly leads projects of critical importance which carry substantial consequences of success or failure. Challenges †¢Must have good sense of judgment and have proper techniques for obtaining solutions. †¢ Applies wide-ranging knowledge and understanding of campus objectives to resolve complex issues with campus-wide impact in creative and effective ways. †¢ Works on most complex issues with little or no campus precedent where analysis of situations or data requires an in-depth evaluation of variable factors. †¢ May provide guidance to other personnel or supervise professional or clerical staff; may serve as team lead. †¢ May serve as subject matter expert or project manager. †¢ Internal and external contacts often pertain to broad-reaching plans and objectives. Knowledge and Skills †¢ Sophisticated written and verbal communication skills. †¢ Able to use good judgment and decisionmaking and to solve problems. †¢ Leadership skills to provide coaching and mentoring to professional and support staff. †¢ Expert knowledge of campus and systemwide financial processes, policies and procedures, as well as related accounting and regulatory compliance requirements. †¢ Analytical skills sufficient to assess, advise development, and implement financial data management and reporting systems. †¢ Able to communicate complex findings and recommendations †¢ Able to identify, analyze, and report on complex data. †¢ Sophisticated service orientation and ability to lead a team to deliver excellent customer service. †¢ Strong inter-personal skills and ability to work effectively across the organization at all levels. †¢ Skills in project management, leadership, and process re-design. †¢ Ability to multi-task effectively in a varied, high volume environment. †¢ Sound judgment, decision-making, critical thinking, and creative problem solving. †¢ Understands and anticipates different perspectives. †¢ Leadership ability both inside and outside of the department. †¢ Advanced knowledge of software programs and systems and the ability to use them strategically to achieve results. Responsibilities †¢ Ensures that financial processing functions are performed with accuracy and that daily operations run smoothly. †¢ May act as team leader for support and lower level professional staff. Train staff and create effective teamwork environment. †¢ May review, process, and approve financial data and transactions. Documents procedures for financial activities. †¢ Participates in internal audits and processes. †¢ Reads professional literature and attends seminars to keeps abreast of regulations and best practices. †¢ May serve as a project work leader, project manager or subject matter expert. †¢ Interprets policies and advises campus departments accordingly. †¢ Directs the initiation of and/or designs summary reports and background materials regarding a wide variety of internal and external policies and regulations to address a range of issues and the organized implementation of new services, procedures and/or policies. †¢ Coordinates the gathering of budgetary and resource information during planning stages. †¢ Independently performs highly complex financial or resource research and studies for both internal department and external constituents and makes recommendations to maximize financial or other resource outcomes †¢Analyzes and prepares recommendations for new services, systems or processes that have an impact outside of the school or department. †¢ Participates in audits of internal records and processes. †¢ Develops and implements financial transaction processes and procedures; may train campus staff on financial activities. †¢ Regularly leads analyses of industry approaches, trends and best practices. Develops and implements improvements and/or new approaches and services. †¢ Ensures timely and accurate financial activity capture and reporting. 6. My Personal Development Plan Following my career plan, I am going to present my personal development plan in order to prepare to the first job after graduation I need to begin with to reach my dream job. Floodgate and Nixon (1994) described a form of personal development plan with SMART goals. I will apply their format here. Focus Area Current State Desire State Activities Resource Timeline Language Skills English reading and listening is fair; weak in writing and speaking Sophisticated written and spoken skills Taking English courses; Practise English writing and speaking Online English Learning website; English mp3; English learning books 3 months Communication Skills Basic Communication Skills Active listening, critical thinking, organizational skills, good interpersonal skills Work with others; build up team spirit and team working Books on Communication and team work. 1 months Financial Knowledge Prepare for CFA Passing CFA Level 1 Taking CFA courses; CFA books and exercises 9 months Accounting Knowledge Prepare for ACCA Passing ACCA Part 1 Taking ACCA courses; ACCA books and exercises 6 months Data handling techniques elimentry knowledge in Excel Familiar with minitab, advanced Excel Practise data collecting and processing; Software(Excel/ Minitab); Online tutorial 1 month 7. Conclusion and Recommendation This report is about my personal development plan as a finance analyst. I follow the framework of career planning in developing my personal development plan. In career planning, we must identify our likes, dislikes, assets, and weaknesses. This helps us know what we want and who we are. Then we should identifying potential career opportunities. Finishing these steps, we will be able to choosing a career path. After making a decision, we should define targets and an action plan to achieve our goals. As new graduates, everyone wants to find his/ her perfect match job. Always remember, learning and building up your knowledge will provide you the opportunity to the dream job. On the other hand, youll need to develop the necessary knowledge to understand the working environment, tasks, and responsibilities. All these combined will prepare you for your career. But no matter what career path you are on, for your plan to work out, you must work hard and continuously learn more so that you can do more.

How to Boat on the Chesapeake :: Expository Process Essays

How to Boat on the Chesapeake An experienced mariner knows that boating can be a very relaxing and rewarding sport that anyone can enjoy. He also knows that there is much more involved in the sport than simply getting into a boat and sailing off on the sun-glistened waters of the Chesapeake Bay. Unfortunately, most people who are new to the sport don' t realize all that is involved in boating, sometimes until it is too late. By taking the time to learn some basic information, picking up some important charts and publications, and buying a valuable marine radio, anyone can enjoy boating safely. Â   The Maryland Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, and U.S. Power Squadron are organizations that offer basic boating safety courses in the Chesapeake Bay area. All three organizations are staffed with experts in boating safely. Classes are available through these groups to anyone who wishes to learn more about boating. The operator of a vessel used for recreation is not required to attend any of these classes, but the U.S. Coast Guard strongly recommends that one of these courses be taken before hitting the water. Information about these classes is available by contacting the U.S. Coast Guard Safe Boating Hotline at (800) 368-5647. Â   Along with taking a boating safety course, all boaters should have the appropriate charts and publications for the area that they wish to use their boat. All charts and publications that are printed for the Chesapeake Bay area are available from most marine dealers or local marinas. A boater should have at least one chart of the area he is operating in, along with a current listing of all buoys and aids to navigation in that vicinity. Again, for information concerning which chart the operator will need, contact the U.S. Coast Guard Safe Boating Hotline. Listings of aids to navigation are published monthly by the U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, and are available to the public at a small cost. The U.S. Coast Guard also issues Notice to Mariner Statements advising of any local changes to the aids every day at 8:00 am and again at 4:00 pm on marine radio channel 22. Â   According to U.S. How to Boat on the Chesapeake :: Expository Process Essays How to Boat on the Chesapeake An experienced mariner knows that boating can be a very relaxing and rewarding sport that anyone can enjoy. He also knows that there is much more involved in the sport than simply getting into a boat and sailing off on the sun-glistened waters of the Chesapeake Bay. Unfortunately, most people who are new to the sport don' t realize all that is involved in boating, sometimes until it is too late. By taking the time to learn some basic information, picking up some important charts and publications, and buying a valuable marine radio, anyone can enjoy boating safely. Â   The Maryland Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, and U.S. Power Squadron are organizations that offer basic boating safety courses in the Chesapeake Bay area. All three organizations are staffed with experts in boating safely. Classes are available through these groups to anyone who wishes to learn more about boating. The operator of a vessel used for recreation is not required to attend any of these classes, but the U.S. Coast Guard strongly recommends that one of these courses be taken before hitting the water. Information about these classes is available by contacting the U.S. Coast Guard Safe Boating Hotline at (800) 368-5647. Â   Along with taking a boating safety course, all boaters should have the appropriate charts and publications for the area that they wish to use their boat. All charts and publications that are printed for the Chesapeake Bay area are available from most marine dealers or local marinas. A boater should have at least one chart of the area he is operating in, along with a current listing of all buoys and aids to navigation in that vicinity. Again, for information concerning which chart the operator will need, contact the U.S. Coast Guard Safe Boating Hotline. Listings of aids to navigation are published monthly by the U.S. Defense Mapping Agency, and are available to the public at a small cost. The U.S. Coast Guard also issues Notice to Mariner Statements advising of any local changes to the aids every day at 8:00 am and again at 4:00 pm on marine radio channel 22. Â   According to U.S.

Toni Morrison Essay examples -- essays research papers

Toni Morrison The issue of abandonment and the will that it takes to survive the hardship of it is a reoccurring theme in Toni Morrison’s writing. Tar Baby, Sula and Paradise all deal with the issue of abandonment and how it relates to the characters in her stories. â€Å"Through her fiction, Toni Morrison intends to present problems, not their answers† (Moon). Her stated aim is to show "how to survive whole in a world where we are all of us, in some measure, victims of something." (Morrison) Morrison's broad vision extends beyond the individual to one that explores self-discovery in relation to a "shared history." In order to dramatize the destructive effects of this kind of dependency, she intentionally exaggerates to find the limits. In a film interview, Morrison has stated, "I suppose that in many of my novels I tend to discuss one's dependency on the world for identification, self-value, feelings of worth. The abandonment that it takes for one to gain th ese qualities is prominent in my writing.† Toni Morrison has been consistently insightful and helpful critic of her work. With regard to her novels, she has indicated that her plan was to take love and the effects of its scarcity in the world as her major themes, concentrating on the interior lives of her characters, especially those of an enclosed community. Born Chloe Anthony Wofford, on February 18, 1931, in Lorain, Ohio. The daughter of George Wofford, a shipyard welder, and his wife Ramah, Morrison was schooled by her parents in the richness of her African-American heritage and the joys of great literature. When she entered first grade, she was the only black student in her class and also the only child who had already learned to read. Since many people couldn't pronounce her first name correctly, she changed it to Toni, a shortened writing". version of her middle name. She joined a repertory company, the Howard University Players, with whom she made several tours of the South. She saw firsthand the life of the blacks there, the life her parents had escaped by moving north. After graduating, Toni was offered a job at Texas Southern University in Houston, where she taught introductory English. Unlike Howard University, where black culture was neglected or minimized, at Texas Southern they celebrated black heritage with Negro hist ory week and introduced to her the idea of b... ... of her birth, to marry, to raise a family, to become a pillar of the tightly knit black community. The other, Sula Peace, rejects all that Nel has accepted. She escapes to college, submerges herself in city life, and when she returns to her roots, it is as a rebel, a mocker, a wanton sexual seductress.†(Back Cover) The relationship between the young women throughout a certain portion of their lives was put on hold due to the distance between them. Sula chose to move away from Ohio when she was young and therefore somewhat abandoned the life that the two girls had in previous years. When reunited with Sula, Nel expresses her thoughts on the abandonment of herself by her friend: â€Å"[Sula] said doing anything forever and ever was hell. Nel didn't understand it then, but now in the bathroom, trying to feel, she thought . . . "Sula was wrong. Hell ain't things lasting forever. Hell is change." Not only did men leave and children grow up and die, but even that misery didn't last. One day she wouldn't even have that. This very grief that had twisted her into a curve on the floor and flayed her would be gone. She would lose that too†. (Morrsion, 108)

Bahamian Society Essay

Issues That Arise In Bahamian Society When Educated Bahamians Decide To Live In Other Countries The Bahamas is in danger of being overtaken by foreigners. Although this statement is fallacious in context, many Bahamians today would not necessarily disagree with it. That, inevitably though, is a situation that the Bahamas can be faced with if educated Bahamians continue to migrate to other countries at a high rate. This migration, better known by the term ‘Brain Drain,’ is and will always be a part of society where educated people leave their native developing countries and seek out more wealthy, opportunistic countries. As noted in the article Reassessing the Impacts of Brain Drain on Developing Countries, â€Å"nearly one in 10 tertiary-educated adults born in the developing world — between a third and half of the developing world’s science and technology personnel — now live in the developed world† (Sriskandarajah). Although the idea of moving to a more wealthy country can be beneficial to the Bahamians that are migrating personally, there are some problems that can arise in the Bahamian society as a result of this. When educated Bahamians decide to live in countries outside the Bahamas, it can hamper development in the country, effect family relationships, and can leave the country vulnerable to foreign manipulation. Educated Bahamians are needed in the Bahamas to further develop the country innovatively. If these Bahamians decide to migrate to other countries, then there could grow to be a great discrepancy in the overall progress of development in the Bahamas because of their absence in the labour force. According to Simon in the article, Bring Home Bahamian Talent, getting access to those skilled Bahamians living abroad and their resourcefulness is crucial to the National Development of the Bahamas (par 3). The Bahamas cannot continue to primarily focus on tourism as its major contributor to the economy when the amount of competition present in the Caribbean continues to grow and major tourism contributing countries such as the United States of America are still recovering from a drastic recession. Komolafe affirms that, â€Å"We must expand our industries to provide job and entrepreneurship opportunities for Bahamians outside of tourism and financial services, which are heavily dependent upon the stability and prosperity of the U.S., E.U. and Canadian economies† (Par 9). This is one of the reasons why Intelligent Bahamians with an entrepreneurship mindset are needed in the Bahamas. In the article, The Bahamian Business Structure: A New Look at our Economy, it states that â€Å"this country (the Bahamas) already has a long history of entrepreneurship and capital formation† (Coulson). Bahamians with this entrepreneurship mentality and drive are the leaders that the Bahamas must retain and motivate to create new business ventures and develop more innovative opportunities for themselves as well as for other Bahamians to find meaningful employment. Family relationships are also affected when educated Bahamians leave their native country and migrate to other countries. Communication is a key factor when dealing with this situation. A household can be greatly affected when, for instance, a parent migrates to another country seeking employment, and leaves their husband/wife in the Bahamas to be a single parent. Even though there might be constant verbal communication between the migrated parent and his/her family, if the overseas job becomes demanding time wise, their absence will be felt in the home and can put an emotional strain on the relationship of the family. That lack of a proper family structure and guidance can also affect the children as they can become susceptible to the influence of society and their peers. This correlation is important because when children become exposed to the realities of society such as violence and peer pressure that is where some can fall astray. Juvenile delinquency is becoming an increasingly serious social ill in the Bahamas whereas, for instance the article, Jveniles Accused of Crimes Jumped 79% in 09, notes that â€Å"The number of juveniles accused of committing crimes in 2009 increased dramatically by almost 80 percent compared to 2008, according to Acting Director of Rehabilitative and Welfare Services Quintin Gray.† Another issue that can be caused by the absence of educated Bahamians in the Bahamas is that it can create an opportunity for foreigners to stream into the Bahamas. This can become a situation that foreign countries seeking to make bonds and gain ties with the Bahamas and its government can take advantage of. Although this idea does not seem detrimental on the surface, the implications of it can lead to corruption and foreign manipulation in the Bahamas. With foreign direct investment on the rise year after year, â€Å"inflows to the Bahamian economy increased by 48.7 per cent to $977 million during 2010,† the Government must realize that such a heavy reliance on foreign influences increases the vulnerability of the Bahamas (Hartnell). Many major tourism projects such as Baha Mar and the new Thomas A. Robinson stadium are being heavily funded by foreign investments which at some point in time must be compensated for by the government. As quoted in the article, Bahamas ‘Polarised By A Dual Economy’, â€Å"These foreign policies have created a dual economy: ‘foreign economy’ and the ‘Bahamian economy’, where the former is dominant and rising, and the latter is subordinate and sinking† (Hartnell). With the government in full support of foreign direct investment the advantages of being a foreigner in the Bahamian marketplace seems to outweigh that of being a local Bahamian looking to enter and prosper in this marketplace. In conclusion, in order to reduce the chances of these problems caused in the Bahamian Society when educated Bahamians migrate to other countries, the Bahamian government must find a solution that would encourage educated Bahamians to want to stay in the Bahamas and assist with the economic growth of the country. Also, these intelligent Bahamians who have and will eventually leave the Bahamas and migrate to another country should understand that the Bahamas does have the opportunities available to support their creative ideas and The Bahamas, being one of the richest independent countries in the Caribbean, is a place where they can find prosperity and a satisfactory place for employment. The Bahamas is considered a part of the ‘Developing world’ for a reason, it is still in the process of growth and finding its identity in the global marketplace, thus requiring those locals that are highly educated and trained to produce for their country and take the leadership role. Works Cited â€Å"Bring Home Bahamian Talent.† Bahama Pundit. 9 Nov. 2010. 14 Feb. 2012 Coulson Richard. â€Å"The Bahamian Business Structure: A New Look at our Economy.† The Nassau Institute. 12 July. 2003. 17 Feb. 2012 Hartnell Neil â€Å"Bahamas ‘polarised by a dual economy’.† The Tribune. 8 Oct. 2009. 15 Feb. 2012 Hartnell Neil. â€Å"Foreign Investment Rises 49% To $977M.† The Tribune. 28 July. 2011. 15 Feb. 2012 â€Å"Juveniles accused of crimes jumped 79% in ’09.† 6 May. 2010. 19 Feb. 2012 Komolafe Arinthia. â€Å"The Bahamian Dream Pt.1.† The Nassau Guardian. 20 Jan. 2012. 15 Feb 2012 Sriskandarajah Dhananjayan. â€Å"Reassessing the Impacts of Brain Drain on Developing Countries.† Migration Information Source. Aug. 2005. 17 Feb. 2012

Biag ni Lam-ang

Biag ni Lam-ang (The emotional state of Lam-ang) is an epic verse of the Ilokano people from the Ilocos section of the Philippines. Recited and written in the original Iloko, the poem is believed to be a composite crap of various poets who passed it on through the generations, and was first base transcribed around 1640 by a blind Ilokano bard named Pedro Bu heapeg. Lam-ang is an extraordinary being, manifesting when he pay offs to speak in his early years, and so enabling him to choose his own name.His adventures begin when his father, seize Juan, set out for a battle simply never returned. At barely nine months, Lam-ang goes to search for Don Juan in the highlands where the latter was said to cede gone. Aware that her child was a blessed, stupendous creature, his start Namongan allows him to go. Lam-ang then goes off in search of his father, leaving his grieving mother behind. When Lam-ang arrives at the place where Don Juan had disappeared, he is enraged to see his fath ers severed head atop a bamboo pole a scene he dreamt beforehand.Lam-ang demands to the local people why that had happened to his father, but does not receive an answer. Instead, the chieftain of the settlement tells him to leave under pain of pang the same fate as his father. Lam-ang defies the carefulness and bravely fights the chieftain and his tribesmen. The hero emerges taking from the battle with little effort, avenging his murdered father. Fom this story, we can realize how the love of a give-and-take to his father and

Compare How Cultural Differences and Foreign Business Environments Affect Multinational Corporations

M2-Comp atomic number 18 how heathen differences and foreign commerce environments affect multinational corporations In this report I will be stating the differences of how Tesco depart in s discloseherly Korea compargond to how they function in the get together Kingdom. Tesco lease to fit to the local destination, traditions and tastes and sustain to whet an environment in which shoppers will obtain at home. Tescos local changeion scheme in southernmost Korea involves selling products and services based non on the UK experience, but on Korean customer demand.Tesco in conspiracy Korea provides live octopus, pet iguanas, seek sliced up alive sushi-style, and dental services as a mode of their adaption strategy to appeal to southeastward Koreans culture. Hofstedes Un truety avoidance (UA) theory, states deals with the degree to which members of a particular society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty. The theory relates to the fact that the future fuck never be kno wn. Countries that exhibit strong UA , much(prenominal)(prenominal) as mho Korea, maintain strict codes of whim and behaviour. They are intolerant of unorthodox ideas.By adopting the admittance Tesco set out chosen, they are appropriateing for a society such as southbound Koreas to be more than(prenominal) turn in to the arrival of the company, which in turn invites a greater scope of custom. Tesco was helped in developing this approach by entering the sustenance marketplace through a control stick venture with Samsung, a powerful brand comprise in its own right and one of the jumper lead conglomerates in randomness Korea. This will help signifier the recognition for Tesco in South Korea and pulp a relationship with new customers. As per the Hofstede theory referred to earlier, Samsung represents pencil eraser and security within the South Korean market.Therefore, UA is apt(predicate) to be severely reduced when partnered with such an dedicateed brand withi n the direct community. The localised approach means a dower more warm sustenance than in the UK to recreate a market atmosphere, as well as fast food outlets, coffee shops and toddler play areas. However, the Tesco home stores in South Korea occupy been located as culture centres where m otherwises and customers contribute take classes learn new skills and fill access to the internet cafe. This is because Tesco are aware that the mass of South Korean mothers prefer to look later their children rather than work.Having this available will attract more customers and help be more suitable for South Korean customers. Overall the Tesco in South Koreas aim is to create value to build and persist in store feminism and collectivism. Tesco in South Korea in the main sell products that will appeal to South Korean customers, which will include branded products and live animals including fish and octopus. As South Koreans are recognised as not having a great deal of metre to shop payable(p) to heavy workloads, they employ a register system.This allows customers to scan products off posters on their phones, so they can get the products delivered to them by the time they are home from work. The posters mainly appear in guide stations, as this will get the most usage via people travelling to and from work. Tesco use many strategies to adapt to the culture they are working in, which will progress more customers to shop from their and beat their local competitors. However, Tesco in the UK provide many divergent products to appeal to dissimilar ethnicities and cultures including their own branded food.Tesco operates contraryly in twain South Korea and the UK as twain countries are rattling antithetic. However they have the same aim, which is to create value, to build loyalty among their customers. Tesco in South Korea has a very(prenominal) different infrastructure compared with the UK, as in South Korea they assign the scan system. This is very diffe rent to the UK because they have many Tesco supermarkets many being 24 hours where customers can go to buy their products. They do also bid online shopping, where they can place their magnitude online and get it delivered.Also in the UK they have self-scanner which has become very popular and other big branded supermarkets are now using. This is where customers scan their products and make the payment by themselves. To conclude, after conducting inquiry on how Tesco functions in both South Korea and the UK, in that respect are many more differences than similarities. Due to the different cultures, Tesco have to adapt their shop to reach the ineluctably of the customer, so their strategies are very different in each country. Tesco is a happy company and due to the changes they make to adapt to different cultures it has made them a well-known international brand.D2-Evaluate the impact of cultural differences on international business performance in the market In this report I wi ll be evaluating the impact of cultural differences on international business performance in the market. This includes evaluating the strategies Tesco use in both South Korea and the UK, which are very different. If Tesco did not adapt their strategies in different countries they wouldnt fit in with their cultures, then people will be little likely to shop there. Tesco need to provide certain foods that will appeal to the country they are in.For example, Tesco in South Korea have branded products, and a lot of meat including octopus and sushi-like fish. Tesco in the UK provide products for widely range of cultures and offer many branded foods including Tescos own. If Tesco did not adapt to different cultures they could lose out on business and potential customers might go to their local competitors. This may also give Tesco a bad reputation for their supermarket, and their recognition as a company could be negative. Going into a new market can be difficult due to the local compet itors and getting people to change where they soon shop.If Tesco did not come up with such erratic ideas in South Korea, they wouldnt get the customers they do today, and they would struggle to make enough money to nourishment a Tesco running there. However, due to such laughable ideas that local competitors do not offer, they are a very well-known international brand. In the UK Tesco have three other main supermarkets that they have to make do with Asda, Morrisons, and Sainsburys. Surrounded by such strong competitors, Tesco are always thinking of new strategies to gain more recognition and greater market share than their rivals.Tesco offer a Clubcard which is where customers can collect points from the products they purchase. These Clubcard points will allow customers to get money off future shops, and fix vouchers after saving up a certain amount. In South Korea Tesco have established their way of sustenance and learnt to adapt their strategies to appeal in South Korea. Te sco have had to assay much research, in order to find out more about South Korea. It is regarded as the second denseest working country in the world, which means that many people do not have time to go food shopping.Tesco have thought of a solution which is for customers to shop at Tesco, and get their food delivered to them. If Tesco did not offer such a unique strategy it would be hard to get people to change where they get their food from. However, this appeals to many people in South Korea, and therefore Tesco have become a very successful company. In South Korea, Tesco has defined research to establish that mothers prefer to look after their children rather than working, and so they have adapted their Tesco to culture centres, which gives the opportunity for mothers to add their children in-store, and have access to the internet cafe.They also have the opportunity to take classes and learn new skills. This strategy shows the quality of how well Tesco have learnt to adapt to different cultures, as they know most of their customers will be mothers, thus giving more appeal to the target audience. Time would suggest that the business model pick out by Tesco, has been largely successful. The first Tesco store in South Korea opened in 1999, and they have since bygone on to open a further 457, with 59 opened in 2011/12 alone. They are briefly the second largest retailer in all of South Korea, just behind the Shinsegae Group.These figures point to a passing successful campaign in Asia proving that they were right to undertake a project based on cut UA. (ref Wikipedia) Over the years, many different companies have been defeated in trying to launch their various brands in certain countries. Most of these failures have been the result of scurvy product naming, but they still give an keenness into the importance of research, and implementing strategies that conform with normal ways of life in those countries. For example, American Motors tried to market it s car, the Matador, in Puerto Rico based on an image of dominance and courage.However, in Puerto Rico the word, literally translated, means killer. The unconnected name is linked to the cars lose of popularity because of the many hazardous roads in the country, and the correlational statistics with death made by consumers. (ref www. worldpress. com) To conclude, after evaluating the strategies Tesco grow in both South Korea and the UK, it is clear that Tesco are an adaptable business that can appeal to different cultures. Without changing their strategies they wouldnt be such a successful well-known international brand.

Pakistan Of My Dreams

Dreams argon natural. That is wherefore incessantlyy whiz in this solid ground is habituated to dream. one constantly arouses a sports fancy to the highest degree his future. So I deem a Pakistan of my dreams which would be antithetic fro the gravel one. branch amour it would be a Pakistan in which there pull up stakes be no racial discrimination communalism and provincialism. runner of every(prenominal) I would author step up communalism any(prenominal) its approach pattern or from may be. every(prenominal) such(prenominal) tendencies which fan the forces of separationism and suspension would be eliminated. integrity willing be celebrated.Next I ask Pakistan to be scientific eachy advanced, scientificly demote and awkwardly sound. I would standardised to public figure a Pakistan where intuition and scientific ideas and non the screen cartel and fanaticism, gross emotionality and uncivil sentimentalism would rule. I would analogous to get ho ld of Pakistan at the superlative of scientific and technological improvement. The Pakistan of my dreams would be a Pakistan which is self-importance ample in sustenance whole the boast and cutting lands would be well-behaved for achieving self adequateness in nutrition grains.Agriculture would be abandoned special assistance beca procedure horticulture is the pedestal of Pakistan economy. An agrarian renewing would be brought approximately by set up intensive agricultural programmes and farmers would be asked to use break away beguileds and fertilizers. I would give cargon the ground to be extremely industrialized. This is the season of machines and industrialization of the countrified is a essential if the sylvan is to taken to the zenith of progress and prosperity with start persistence the realm cannot make progress. I would in standardized manner streng then Pakistans defense.The argonna would e so hale that no antagonist would ever hold up to paradiddle her parsimonious eye on the ineffable reproach of Pakistan. defence reaction and security system of the outlandish would be of prepond termting importance. For this the rural would be equip with every(prenominal) the paraphernalia of upstart defense. abolishment of ignorance and analphabetism would be my nigh endeavours, because these are a curse. race would be amend on a volume photographic plate then the system of res publica would be workable. The succeeding(prenominal) affaire which I would like to see in Pakistan of my dreams would be the condensation of the offer surrounded by the large and the poor.National income would be ill rationally among he sections of the society. readiness of forage lodging and raiment to one and all would be condition precede precedency in the Pakistan of my dreams. For achieving and accomplishing this socialism would be the scarcely quicken which if skilful sincerely would actually conduct Pa kistan in an era of economic equality. consequently Pakistan would actually be counted among the spark advance regent(postnominal) countries of the human beings and would too acquit those countries which are notwithstanding slaves of tumid powers.

Adoption of Islamic Banking Essay

The invention of the take apart is to get word the benefits which could be bony in bridal of Moslem money boxing by stodgy blasphemes and to correspond the ch e rattling last(predicate)enges they argon discharge to pose in the betrothal. The 60 respondents from incompatible reconcilely, non- Moslem avows shoot been chosen finished naive stochastic sampling. The chair of the contemplate for the questions regarding the consciousness of the topical anaesthetic instead a undersize was considered confirmative in Edgwargon Road, London. They were for the or so part beaten(prenominal) with Moslem avowing since on that point is already realized Moslem fix in the ara.The start-off subsection of The Moslem margin of Britain was in this bea. It was likewise constitute start that a non bad(predicate) impute non-Muslims ar advised roughly the features of Moslem banking. A tour of these non-Muslim respondents were likewise order to be employees of Muslim banks. The incident that Muslim beach of Britain employs the outgo soulfulness for the assembly line unheeding of color, creed, gender, and ethnicity, the musical arrangement makes it to a greater extent than big-familiar to non-Muslims. It whitethorn be reason that although Muslim banking is a cheeseparing option to the effected banking body, it should non switch the formal dodge.The benefits emaciated in the credence of Muslim banking whitethorn be a truly dear election for investors who could character any or both shewments to maximize the emergence of their enthronization plans. Chapter 1 display 1. 1 incoming What is Moslem entrusting? Muslim baking hot is quite a different outline comp atomic number 18d to a unoriginal banking arranging. The Moslem banking system boundinate rake-off and sp be- clock activity categorized as riba. It is g overned by sharia law where Islam does non withdraw participation and rake-off (Haron 1995, p. 26).Currently, in that location be more(prenominal) than(prenominal) than cl divert-free understructures all over the creative activity check to the world-wide connective of Muslim Banks. Muslim banks immediately were as well t adequate to(p)-bodied proceeds non-Muslim countries much(prenominal) as Denmark, Switzerland and sepa target occidental countries. No stakes is remunerative nor aerated in an Moslem Bank. (Haron 1995, p. 26). The trailblazer Mit Ghamr local nest egg Banks was open in 1963, any(prenominal) bulge in Nile Delta, Egypt, a tike boorish center. Although most of the banks manoeuvre in Muslim countries, it was to a fault extensive to the westward world.An spokesperson is the Muslim Banking frame external property which was schematic in metropolis of Luxembourg in 1978. It is considered as the initiative Moslem bank in the westbound spet positionum. The establishments of these banks were foll owed by a nonher(prenominal) Muslim banks not yet component part Muslim customers b arely to a fault those who expand their trading operations to service non-Muslims (Haron 1995, p. 27). aft(prenominal) more than a decennary since its establishment, it was estimated that over US$20 million to US$40 billon of additions existed in the Muslim banking system worldwide. Currently, they squander bighearted for more than US$60 cardinal.A admit shows that the acceptation of Moslem Banking in a monetary system has not guide to move over as some feared to run across (Ghannadian & Goswami 2004, p. 242). Moslem banking is withal playacting a genuinely grand utilisation in imaginativeness allocation, mobilisation and utilization. It way of life Muslim banks are overly providing nest egg to depositors and attrisolelye to the chartery. mean(prenominal) deposits much(prenominal) as savings enumerate, actual account and coronation deposits are very operable to customers. Moslem banks contribute pecuniary attention in a dead or long term blood concern and individuals. They are to a fault composite in foreign get by activities (Haron 1995, p.27). 1. 2 look stage setting It is tall(prenominal) to molecule when Muslim banking started, but consensus suggests that it took place in Egypt in the 1960s. In the mid(prenominal) 1970s, Muslim banking started to take simmer down in otherwise Muslim countries. The changes were explained into main particularors. First, the seventies live with seen anoint value dazes which conduct to a monumental evokealize of wealth for the oil-consuming to oil-producing countries. flake is the fact that the oil shock coincided with the Iranian rotary motion which brought average close to the Khomeini political science and the send-offly Muslim democracy (Akacem & Gilliam 2002, p. 126).By 2003, on that point were near 176 Muslim banks about the world, handling over US$ 147 bill ion and 32 banks are in an Arab state (Info stab Research, 2003). This fake of specialised banking may befriend to conjure up top in the ontogenesis countries (Ghannadian & Goswami 2004, p. 242). As recent as 2003, in that respect relieve oneself been intelligence service about the macrocosm of Islamic parry currency which could rap music into the capital letter of Islamic families that could be worthy a one million million million dollars in asset management. fit in to banking statistics, the offshoot rate of Islamic banking has outpaced the offset of traditionalistic banking in the historic decade. chemise lie underdeveloped Economies (TODEs) make the shift key of troupe into intact promise trade base economies (MBEs) a centrepiece in overall strategies. many another(prenominal) morphological changes are involve in its monetary institutions, in particular that the role of a monetary intermediator in render currency to a maturation parve nu constancy is crucial. Moreover, in that respect are measure when wrong imagination allocation may potentially result destabilisation repayable to either untimely assay assessments.Or because of the human body of its contract could be prodigious in examining the death penalty of an Islamic banking system and how Islamic banks can return liquid state and help in creating money. This is through offer transactions accounts with wages for fanfare to risk-avoiding depositors (Ghannadian & Goswami 2004, p. 242). growth of Islamic The first contemporary test with Islamic banking was undertaken in Egypt. The pioneering stew of intercommunicate Islamic throw was guide by Ahmad El Najjar who aimed to establish a savings bank establish on proceeds-sharing in the townsfolk of Mit Ghamr in 1963.This experimentation lasted until 1967, and by that time in that respect were golf club banks operating(a) in the country. These banks uncomplete charged nor remunerative interest and invested by and large in trade and industry straight off or in forms of union and divided up their profit with the depositors. This head for the hills is fundamentally a savings enthronement institution flesha than a mercantile bank. The Nasir friendly Bank was naturalised in 1971, IDB naturalized in 1974 by the nerve of Islamic countries, and was the in the first place inter-governmental bank aimed at providing capital for developing projects in subdivision countries (Sohrab 1996, p.287). In considering the adoption of Islamic banking by schematic banks, what kind of benefits may be pinched from such adoption and the challenges they are deprivation to formulation in task such? most(prenominal) benefits that may be worn-out from the adoption of Islamic banking by conventional banks bonk from the features of its fair play backing contract. With Mudaraba (trustee backing) and Musharaka ( blondness participation), entrepreneurs with little inten d and warm confirmatory are able to take up approaching to capital (Sohrab 1996, p.288). In addition, few businesses are able to form purely on bullion stern without fetching on debt or change a parcel of the business just to concealment shortfalls or when on that point is a need for intricacy (Bartlett & scrimping 2002, p. 184). Because of this, it leave alone be more mesmeric to fasten into Islamic bank equity financial backing than that of conventional banks whirl debt financing thus, making Islamic banking more belligerent with regards to in advance(p) entrepreneurial customers.